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This report surveyed 30 tourism operators globally using the IUCN NbS Global Standard to assess how NbS are enabling destinations to take proactive climate action. The paper outlined 5 Principles for Effective Nature-based Solutions in the Tourism Sector with practical guidelines, action steps, and case studies highlighting action taken by industry leaders. With over 17 affiliate partners joining to amplify the important message behind the white paper, the research has been well-received by an industry that to date has little practical guidance for increasing investment in NbS at scale. Blue tourism operators in coastal destinations and the NbS they are using were heavily featured in this report.

This document sets forth a vision for a tourism industry in the Maldives that leads the world in climate change innovation by centering communities and regenerating nature. This vision was informed by research conducted over a year and key conversations with a wide range of stakeholders. Designed to align Goal 4 of the Maldives Fifth Tourism Master Plan— Build Climate Resilience and Protect Natural Assets—the Action Plan outlines five strategic objectives for achieving this vision, including integrating community experiences and priorities, protecting destination assets, regenerating nature, diversifying business models, and aligning with global initiatives. Core actions are presented under each objective, linking to the 10 Business Climate Action Investments presented in Section 3—a “menu” of innovative adaptation solutions businesses can invest in today to increase their resilience for tomorrow—and guidance on financing and practical steps businesses can take to adopt these critical adaptation measures.

This paper uses an agency-based livelihood resilience framework to examine the social structures, agency, and livelihood capital of the surrounding socio-ecological systems as driven by these operations in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on tourism. This research urges academics, practitioners, and business owners to ‘reimagine’ the potential of tourism to first and foremost empower more resilient socio-ecological systems in the face of an increasingly uncertain future.

Resilience issues are explored in the context of different forms of tourism in a marine national park in eastern Indonesia. This paper uses an agency-based livelihood resilience framework to examine the social structures, agency, and livelihood capital of the surrounding socio-ecological systems as driven by these operations. The findings suggest that the dominant development discourse in Indonesia and among tourism planners focusing on the growth of ‘high-end’ exclusive forms of tourism has neglected livelihood capital and made communities more vulnerable to ruptures like COVID-19. Emerging from this crisis, this research urges academics, practitioners, and business owners to ‘reimagine’ the potential of tourism to first and foremost empower more resilient socio-ecological systems in the face of an increasingly uncertain future.